Celiac Disease Test
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Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition in which consuming gluten causes an immune reaction that attacks the small intestine. While more than 1% of the world’s population lives with celiac disease, individuals may suffer from unexplained symptoms that can result in intestinal damage or other health conditions before being diagnosed. That is why it is important to rule out celiac disease if you experience adverse symptoms after consuming gluten. Homed-IQ’s Celiac Disease Test reliably detects antibodies (anti-TTG IgA & IgA) in your blood. If these substances are detected, this usually indicates celiac disease.
Test method: Finger prick test
What do we test for?
About anti-TTG IgA
In celiac disease, the body produces antibodies, including anti-tTG antibodies, as a response to gluten. These antibodies specifically target tissue transglutaminase, an enzyme present in the lining of the small intestine. When gluten is consumed, the interaction between gluten and tissue transglutaminase triggers an immune reaction, causing inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining. The anti-tTG test is a blood test that detects the presence of these antibodies in the bloodstream. It is one of the primary screening tools used to diagnose celiac disease.
About IgA serum
Total serum IgA is used to check for IgA deficiency, a condition associated with celiac disease that can cause a false negative tTG-IgA test result. If you are IgA deficient, alternative testing methods to tTG-IgA may be used to diagnose celiac disease.
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About the test
What is a Celiac Test?
Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition, with both hereditary and environmental factors playing a role in the development of the disease. In people with celiac disease, an inflammatory immune reaction occurs in the mucous membrane of the small intestine after consuming gluten. Specific antibodies are released during this inflammatory reaction. Homed-IQ’s Celiac Test determines whether these antibodies are in your blood.
Why should you test for Celiac Disease?
Detecting celiac disease at an early stage can reduce intestinal damage and prevent other serious complications.
When is the best time to take the celiac test?
A celiac test is best taken after following a gluten-containing diet. This way we can guarantee accurate results. If you have not eaten gluten before the test, there are no anti-tTG antibodies present in your blood. In that case, the test result may be inaccurate.
Symptoms
What are the most common symptoms of celiac disease?
If you have celiac disease, you can experience a variety of symptoms. The most common symptoms of celiac disease are:
- Stomach ache
- Bloating and/or abdominal distention
- Intestinal complaints, such as chronic diarrhea and flatulence
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Smelly stools
You may also suffer from other non-specific symptoms, such as:
- Anemia
- Weight loss
- Decreased appetite
- Irritable mood (or depression)
- Canker sores
- Skin complaints
- Bone decalcification
- Infertility
- Stunted growth
Scientific research by the UMCG in Groningen and the Twente Medical Center in Enschede (two University Hospitals within the Netherlands) found the most common symptoms in individuals with celiac disease are:
- 37% of adult patients suffer from persistent diarrhoea.
- 35% of adult patients suffer from fatigue.
- 33% of adult patients suffer from abdominal pain.
- 31% of adult patients experience weight loss.
Most symptoms occur in people with celiac disease after eating products that contain gluten. Gluten is a protein found in the following grains: wheat, rye, barley, spelt and oats.
Summary of Biomarkers
IgA
IgA stands for immunoglobulin A, which is a type of antibody found in the immune system. Antibodies are proteins produced by the body in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Having an IgA deficiency means that you have low or no IgA in your blood. Total serum IgA is used to check for IgA deficiency, a condition associated with celiac disease that can cause a false negative tTG-IgA test result. Approximately 2-3% of people with celiac disease are IgA deficient. If you are IgA deficient, alternative testing methods to tTG-IgA may be used to diagnose celiac disease.
Anti-tTG
Anti-tTG is an antibody against a specific protein (tissue transglutaminase) involved in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. If anti-tTG is detected, this usually indicates an autoimmune response to gluten (celiac disease). Homed-IQ’s Celiac Test is a medically certified blood test that you can take easily from home. An ISO 15189 certified laboratory then examines the test material, after which you will receive the test result within a few days.
Results
What does the result of this celiac test mean?
This test shows whether you have celiac disease.
If no antibodies are found in the blood, the result is negative. You do not have celiac disease.
A very small proportion of people may have a false negative test result, for example if there was no gluten in the individual’s diet before the test was taken. In this case, follow-up testing with your GP will be needed.
If antibodies are found in the blood, the test result is positive. This means that you most likely have celiac disease. In that case, an adjustment of the diet is strongly recommended. Follow-up with your GP is needed to confirm a diagnosis of celiac disease.
How reliable is this test?
The sensitivity and specificity for this blood test for celiac disease are almost 100%. Sensitivity is the ability of a test to identify a disease. Specificity is the ability of a test to correctly identify people without the disease.
How does it work?
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Frequently asked questions
How many people have celiac disease?
About 1% of people globally have celiac disease. It is one of the most common autoimmune diseases.
Is having celiac disease dangerous long term?
Untreated celiac disease is not only painful- it can also be dangerous in the long run. The longer an individual continues to eat gluten, the greater the chance of severe intestinal damage and other health problems. Untreated celiac disease can cause:
- Malnutrition
- Infertility/miscarriage
- Cancer
- Lactose intolerance
- Bone weakening/osteoporosis
- Other autoimmune conditions such as type I diabetes or multiple sclerosis
- Anemia
- Nervous system disorders
Therefore, early diagnosis of celiac disease is of the utmost importance. Luckily, it is now easy to test from home with Homed-IQ’s Celiac Test.
Can celiac disease be cured?
Celiac disease cannot be cured. Treatment consists of a lifelong gluten-free diet. After a diagnosis of celiac disease, we recommend that you contact a dietician or general practitioner for advice on how to eat according to a gluten-free diet.
Can children also have celiac disease?
Not only adults can have celiac disease. Symptoms of celiac disease can appear as early as 6 months after your baby has been given gluten-containing foods for the first time. For example, a gluten-containing biscuit, bread crust or pasta (Dutch Celiac Association). The following symptoms of celiac disease can occur in babies:
- Chronic diarrhea
- Stomach ache
- Stunted growth
- Little to no weight gain or weight loss
- Anemia
- Canker sores in the mouth
- A swollen stomach
- Crying often
Does your child suffer from these symptoms? Then we recommend that you consult your doctor to discuss the possibility of celiac disease.
Will my health insurer reimburse this celiac test?
We currently do not have any agreements with health insurers. We recommend you to check directly with your insurer whether at-home celiac tests are covered. Certain insurance companies do cover certain at-home laboratory tests.
Homed-IQ can provide itemized receipts for tests you order – which you can then submit to your insurance for reimbursement.
Our receipts include:
- Purchaser’s name, email, and address
- Date of purchase (as opposed to date of service)
- Amount paid (after any discounts or promotions)
Can you suddenly develop celiac disease?
Celiac disease can develop at any age if you eat gluten-containing foods and/or take gluten-containing medicines. Celiac disease can also develop despite a previous negative celiac test. The later the age at which celiac disease is diagnosed, the greater the chance of developing another autoimmune disease (Caio, G., Volta, U., Sapone, A. et al., 2019).
For whom is this celiac blood test not suitable for?
- Individuals with medical conditions that may contribute to false positives, such as Type 1 diabetes or other autoimmune diseases
- Individuals who did not eat gluten-containing foods 6-8 weeks prior to the test
Has this Homed-IQ Celiac Test been reviewed by doctors?
Our self-sampling tests are scientifically certified and are validated for home use. The tests have been validated by our certified partner laboratory to see if the results of finger prick samples taken at home are as accurate as samples taken venously in a testing center or doctor’s office. It is only legal to sell validated tests confirmed to be equal in accuracy as non-self tests.
Each sample is processed in a laboratory that is ISO15189 certified, which enables us to guarantee the reliability of all our tests.
Can I test positive for celiac disease even though I don’t have celiac disease?
There is a very small chance of a false positive test result (Celiac Disease Foundation). This is especially true for people with autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, autoimmune liver disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, psoriatic or rheumatoid arthritis, and heart failure who do not have celiac disease.
Since false antibody test results can never be 100% ruled out, a small bowel biopsy is the only way to definitively diagnose celiac disease (Green, 2014).
Why should I choose a laboratory-certified self test for celiac disease and not a rapid test?
Homed-IQ’s celiac test offers the same quantitative results as a test that you would get from your doctor. As we work with the same labs used by physicians, the results we provide are equal in quality. Rapid tests that are available through the drugstore are often not reliable and cannot provide a definitive quantitative answer as to what your antibody levels are. Therefore, additional tests are required to confirm the result- often the same test that Homed-IQ offers in the first place.
Does this celiac self-test also test for gluten sensitivity or intolerance?
People who test negative for celiac show no signs of an immune response or intestinal damage associated with the disease. However, they still react badly to eating gluten. This group of people are said to have a gluten sensitivity or intolerance. To learn more about the difference between celiac disease and gluten intolerance, read the article “The difference between celiac disease and gluten intolerance“.
Recent evidence shows that people with a gluten sensitivity may also react to other proteins or carbohydrates found in wheat. Therefore, gluten sensitivity or intolerance are commonly used terms for those who are sensitive to products that contain gluten.
People with a wheat or gluten sensitivity may experience the same symptoms as someone with celiac disease. However, they will not suffer damage to their intestinal lining as a result of eating gluten, nor will they test positive for celiac disease.
Is a celiac self-sampling test an alternative to a biopsy?
This test is a non-invasive initial method to check for celiac disease in adults. In case of a positive result, you can contact your GP, who will probably refer you to a specialist for further examination to establish the definitive diagnosis. Sometimes a biopsy is unnecessary and an additional blood test is sufficient.
How reliable is this Celiac Disease Test?
The sensitivity and specificity for this blood test for celiac disease are 100%. Sensitivity is the ability of a test to identify a disease. Specificity is the ability of a test to correctly identify people without the disease.
What does the result of this celiac test mean?
This test shows whether you have celiac disease.
If no antibodies are found in the blood, the result is negative. You do not have celiac disease.
A very small proportion of people may have a false negative test result, for example if there was no gluten in the individual’s diet before the test was taken. In this case, follow-up testing with your GP will be needed.
If antibodies are found in the blood, the test result is positive. This means that you most likely have celiac disease. In that case, an adjustment of the diet is strongly recommended. Follow-up with your GP is needed to confirm a diagnosis of celiac disease.
For whom is this celiac test suitable?
This test is suitable for anyone who experiences unpleasant symptoms after eating products containing gluten.
