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Testosterone is a vital hormone in the male body, responsible for the development of physical traits such as muscle mass, body hair, and voice deepening. While a healthy testosterone level supports well-being, abnormally high levels can lead to health problems. This article explains what testosterone is, what causes elevated levels, associated symptoms, how to test your levels, and what to do if they are too high.
Table of Contents
- What is Testosterone?
- Causes of High Testosterone in Men
- Signs and Symptoms of High Testosterone
- Treatment of High Testosterone in Men
- Risks of Prolonged High Testosterone Levels
- How to Test Testosterone Levels
- Summary
What is Testosterone?
Testosterone is a vital sex hormone primarily produced in the testicles and, to a lesser extent, in the adrenal glands.
It is essential for:
- Development of reproductive tissues (e.g. testes, prostate)
- Maintenance of bone density
- Growth of muscle mass and strength
- Development of facial and body hair
- Deepening of the voice during puberty
- Regulation of sex drive (libido)
Source: Harvard Health, 2019
What Is a High Testosterone Level?
The normal testosterone range in adult men typically falls between:
| Age Range (Men) | Normal Testosterone Range (ng/dL) |
|---|---|
| Under 1 year old | Less than 12 ng/dL |
| 1 to 5 years old | Less than 12 ng/dL |
| 6 to 10 years old | Less than 25 ng/dL |
| 11 to 15 years old | Less than 830 ng/dL |
| 16 to 17 years old | 102 to 1010 ng/dL |
| 18 to 99 years old | 193 to 824 ng/dL |
A high level is defined as any value above this reference range (Cleveland Clinic, 2022).
It’s important to distinguish between naturally elevated testosterone (e.g., due to genetics) and artificially increased levels (e.g., from steroids or supplements).
Causes of high testosterone in men
High testosterone levels in men can be caused by various medical conditions and lifestyle factors. Common causes of high testosterone are:
- Testosterone-producing tumors: Certain tumors on the adrenal gland can result in excessive testosterone production. These tumors can be benign or cancerous.
- Hormonal imbalances: Imbalances in other hormones, such as luteinizing hormone (LH) or estrogen, can affect testosterone production and regulation.
- Anabolic steroid use: Anabolic steroids are often abused by athletes and bodybuilders, and can significantly increase testosterone levels beyond the normal range. Anabolic steroid use can disrupt the body’s natural hormone balance and have adverse effects on overall health.
- Genetic conditions: Certain genetic conditions, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia or androgen insensitivity syndrome, can lead to high testosterone levels in men. These conditions affect hormone production or receptor function, resulting in hormonal imbalances.
- Medication use: Certain medications, including those used in testosterone replacement therapy, can cause high testosterone. Individuals using these medications should have regular check-ins with their healthcare provider to ensure testosterone levels are not too high.
Source: Leonard, 2023
Signs/symptoms of high testosterone in men
An above-average testosterone level can lead to various physical and psychological symptoms. Common signs include:
Physical Symptoms:
- Increased body hair, while simultaneously experiencing hair loss on the scalp
- Muscle mass gain without corresponding physical training
- Oily skin and acne, especially on the face and back
- Prostate enlargement or urinary issues
Emotional and Psychological Changes:
- Aggressive behavior or increased irritability
- Mood swings, ranging from euphoria to sudden sadness
Reproductive Symptoms:
- Reduced sperm production
- Shrinking testicles
- Decreased fertility
Sources: Harvard Health, 2019; UPMC; Harvard Health, 2019; Zitzmann, 2020; Harvard Health, 2010
Risks of Prolonged High Testosterone Levels
Persistently elevated testosterone levels can lead to several health complications:
- Infertility, due to disrupted sperm production
- Cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure or heart attacks
- Liver damage, particularly with steroid use
- Prostate issues or increased risk of prostate cancer
- Psychological effects, including dependency, aggression, or depression
Source: Mayo Clinic, 2024; Priority Men’s Medical, 2023
Treatment of high testosterone in men
If you suspect you have high testosterone levels, use anabolic steroids, or have a medical condition that can cause hormonal imbalances, it is important to see a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Treating the underlying cause, such as surgical removal of tumors, medication, or stopping steroid use, can treat high testosterone and alleviate symptoms.
How to test testosterone levels
Diagnosing high testosterone begins with a blood test. This test can be performed at the doctor or using a home test. Homed-IQ’s Testosterone Test is a laboratory test that uses a blood sample collected from home. Home testosterone testing may be useful for people who suspect they may have an abnormal testosterone level and would like to check before visiting the doctor, or who would like to monitor their testosterone levels over time. Interested in testing other important vitamins and minerals along with testosterone? Try Homed-IQ’s Athlete Test or explore other blood tests in our assortment.
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Testosterone Test
€45,00 -
Athlete Test
€99,00
Summary
Testosterone is a hormone essential for male development and health. However, high levels can result from steroid use, tumors, or hormonal imbalances and may cause symptoms like acne, mood swings, and low sperm count. Testing testosterone—whether through a doctor or a home test like those offered by Homed-IQ, can help monitor hormone levels and guide treatment when necessary.
References
Harvard Health. (2010, March 1). Testosterone and the heart. https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/testosterone-and-the-heart
Harvard Health & Harvard Health. (2019, August 29). Testosterone — What It Does And Doesn’t Do. Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/medications/testosterone–what-it-does-and-doesnt-do#:~:text=Testosterone%20is%20the%20major%20sex,play%20a%20role%20in%20balding
Leonard, J. (2023, February 9). What are the signs of high testosterone in males? https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/signs-of-high-testosterone#signs
Mayo Clinic Staff. (2024, January 19). Testosterone therapy: Potential benefits and risks as you age. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved August 20, 2025, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/sexual-health/in-depth/testosterone-therapy/art-20045728
Priority Men’s Medical. (2023). What does high testosterone do in men? Retrieved August 20, 2025, from https://prioritymensmedical.com/blog/what‑does‑high‑testosterone‑do‑in‑men/
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. (2018, August 29). The Link Between Acne & Testosterone. UPMC HealthBeat. https://share.upmc.com/2016/10/testosterone-and-acne/#:~:text=Testosterone%20belongs%20to%20a%20class,more%20likely%20to%20clog%20pores.
Zitzmann, M. (2020). Testosterone, mood, behaviour and quality of life. International Journal of Andrology, 8(6), 1598–1605. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12867
Zitzmann, M. (2020). Testosterone, mood, behaviour and quality of life. International Journal of Andrology, 8(6), 1598–1605. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12867
Cleveland Clinic (2022). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24101-testosterone
